What Is Data Science?

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As a subject Data science is a field that combines math and statistics, advanced algorithms and advanced analytics such as machine learning, statistical research and predictive modeling. It helps to uncover actionable insights in large datasets and also to inform business strategy and planning. The job requires a mix of skills in data preparation, analysis and mining, along with the ability to communicate effectively and with authority to share the results with others.

Data scientists are usually creative interested, curious and enthusiastic about their work. They are attracted by intellectually stimulating challenges, such as deriving complex readings from data or discovering new insights. A majority of them are “data geeks” who cannot help themselves when it comes to exploring and analyzing “truths” that lie below the surface.

The first step of the data science process is gathering raw data using different methods and sources. These include databases, spreadsheets and applications program interfaces (API), along with videos and images. Preprocessing involves handling missing values as well as normalising or coding numerical features, identifying patterns and trends and splitting the data into training and testing sets to evaluate models.

Mining the data and identifying useful insights can be difficult due to several factors, including volume, velocity and complexity. Using established methods and techniques for data analysis is crucial. Regression analysis, as an example can help you understand how independent and dependent variables interact through a fitting linear equation. Classification algorithms such as Decision Trees and t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding help you reduce data dimensions and identify relevant clusters.